From Debate to Essay
A structured class debate generates arguments and language, which students then turn into a well-organised opinion essay.
The idea
Students often struggle to find ideas for essays. A debate solves this: in one lesson, the class produces dozens of arguments, counter-arguments and examples. The second step, turning spoken arguments into written paragraphs, teaches the difference between speech and formal writing.
Outcome: a 250-word opinion essay (IELTS Task 2 or B2/C1 style).
Lesson 1: The debate
- Choose a motion students care about, e.g. This house believes that homework should be banned or Public transport should be free (see the B2 essay task).
- Assign sides randomly. Arguing a view you don't hold is good thinking practice.
- Preparation (15 min): each side lists three arguments, an example for each, and the arguments they expect from the other side.
- Debate (20 min): opening speeches, open floor, closing speeches.
- Note-takers: two students write every argument on the board in two columns.
Lesson 2: From speech to writing
- Take a photo of the board. In pairs, students choose their own position (not necessarily the side they argued).
- Show the difference between spoken and written argument:
| Spoken | Written |
|---|---|
| "Come on, nobody does homework properly anyway!" | Many students complete homework hastily, which limits its value. |
| "But what about poor families?" | It could be argued that this would disadvantage low-income families. |
- Students plan their essay using the essay structure guide.
Lesson 3: Writing and feedback
- Write in class (40 minutes, exam conditions) or as homework.
- Peer check with three questions: Is the position clear in the introduction and conclusion? Is the other side mentioned? Does each paragraph have one idea and an example?
Why it works for exams
Students who have heard and answered counter-arguments write more balanced essays. They also learn that a good concession (Admittedly, …) makes their own view stronger.